Anaplasmosis seroprevalence in stray dogs from Sofia, Bulgaria
Abstract
Anaplasmosis is a vector-borne zoonotic infection which affects different domestic and wild species. The data for the distribution of the disease in stray dogs from different parts of Bulgaria is fragmentary. The purpose of the study is to introduce the results of the serological examination of 293 stray dogs from western Bulgaria (Sofia region). Thirty-seven of them (12.63%) were positive for specific antibodies determined through rapid chromatographic immunoassay. Based on the current results we can conclude that canine Anaplasmosis is endemic in the area of Sofia, Bulgaria.
Downloads
References
Borisov, B., Marinov, G., Panayotov, P. and Zlateva N. (2017), “Vector born diseases in dogs – Dirofilariosis and Anaplasmosis. A clinical study”, Tradition and modernity in Veterinary Medicine, vol. 2, No 1(2), pp. 59–66.
ESCCAP Guideline. (2019), Control of vector-borne diseases in dogs and cats, Third edition.
Guven, E., Avcioglu, H., Cengiz, S. and Hayirli, A. (2017), “Vector-Borne Pathogens in Stray Dogs in Northeastern Turkey’, Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases Vol. 17, No. 8. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2017.2128
Koh, F.X., Panchadcharam, C. and Tay S.T. (2016), “Vector-Borne Diseases in Stray Dogs in Peninsular Malaysia and Molecular Detection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp. from Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) Ticks”, Journal of Medical Entomology, Volume 53, Issue 1, January, Pages 183–187. https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjv153
Kohn, B., Galke, D., Beelitz, P. and Pfister K. (2008), “Clinical Features of Canine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis in 18 Naturally Infected Dog”, J Vet Intern Med, 22, pp. 1289–1295. DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0180.x
Pantchev, N., Schnyder, M., Globokar Vrhovec, M., Schaper, R. and Tsachev I. (2015), “Current Surveys of the Seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Leishmania infantum, Babesia canis, Angiostrongylus vasorum and Dirofilaria immitis in Dogs in Bulgaria”, Parasitol Res 114, pp. S111–S124. DOI 10.1007/s00436-015-4518-8
Rizzoli, A., Silaghi, C., Obiegala, A., Rudolf, I., Hubálek, Z., Földvári, G., Plantard, O., Vayssier-Taussat, M., Bonnet, S., Špitalská, E. and Kazimírová, M. (2014), “Ixodes ricinus and its transmitted pathogens in urban and peri-urban areas in Europe: new hazards and relevance for public health”, Frontiers in Public Health, December, Volume 2, Article 251. 1-26. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00251.eCollection 2014.
Rymaszewska, A. and Grenda S. (2008), “Bacteria of the genus Anaplasma – characteristics of Anaplasma and their vectors: a review”, Veterinarni Medicina, 53, (11): 573–584.
Stillman, B., Monn, M., Liu, J., Thatcher, B., Foster, P., Andrews, B., Little, S., Eberts, M., Breitschwerdt, E., Beall, M. and Chandrashekar, R. (2014), “Performance of a commercially available in-clinic ELISA for detection of antibodies against Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Anaplasma platys, Borrelia burgdorferi, Ehrlichia canis, and Ehrlichia ewingii and Dirofilaria immitis antigen in dogs”, J Am Vet Med Assoc.; 245:80–6. doi: 10.2460/javma.245.1.80.
Tsachev I. (2009), “Exotic zoonoses among dogs in Bulgaria (monocytic ehrlichiosis, granulocytic anaplasmosis, visceral leishmaniasis): detection and investigation”, Thesis for DSc. Trakia University, Stara Zagora Bulgaria. https:// DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.24129.66402
Tsachev, I., Petrov, V., Fleming, K. and Brown C. (2008), “First Detected Case of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in a dog in Bulgaria”, Revue Mé Vét., 159 (11): 562-564.
Yousefi, A., Chaechi Nosrati, M.R., Golmohammadi, A. and Azami, S. (2019), “Molecular Detection of Anaplasma Phagocytophilum as a Zoonotic Agent in Owned and Stray Dogs in Tehran, Iran”, Archives of Razi Institute, Vol. 74, No. 1, 33-38. https:// 10.22092/ARI.2018.114893.1142