Substitution effect of Soybean Meal (glycine max) with different level of Dried Water Velvet (Azolla Pinnata) Meal on Egg production and Egg Quality parameter of Potchefstroom Koekoek layer
Keywords:
AzollaPinnata, partial substitutions, soybean meal
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of partial substitution of Soybean meal by AzollaPinnata (AZM) in the performances of layer chicken and also to determine the cost benefit analysis. One hundred eight Potchefstroom koekoek layer were randomly allocated to 4 treatment diets with 3 replications, each replicate consisted nine chickens. Experimental diets were prepared with control diet (treatment 1, T1) contained soybean meal as the major protein source without AZM and diets containing AZM at the levels of 50 g/kg (treatment 2, T2), 100 g/kg (treatment 3, T3), and 150 g/kg (treatment 4, T4) by partially substituting the soybean meal in the control diet. All production and economic data in the experiment were collected. The results obtained from the current study showed that substitution of AZM up to 150 g/kg did not significantly alter feed intake, feed conversion efficiency and egg production performance of the birds. However, higher (P<0.05) Hough units score, egg, albumen and yolk weight was observed at T2 and T3. Moreover a significantly higher intense yolk color index was recorded as the level of AZM inclusion increased. The lowest marginal rate of return was recorded in control group while the highest revenue was recorded at T2 substitution of AZM. In conclusion, utilization of AZM might be cost effective protein source that can partially substitute soybean meal.
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References
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Alalade, O.A., Iyayi, E.A. and Alalade, T.O., 2007. The nutritive value of Azolla (Azollapinnata) meal in diets for growing pullets and subsequent effect on laying performance, Journal of Poultry Science, 44(3), pp.273-277.
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Balaji, K. ; Jalaludeen, A. ; Churchil, R. R. ; Peethambaran, P. A. ; Senthilkumar, S., 2009. Effect of dietary inclusion of Azolla (Azollapinnata) on production performance of broiler chicken.Indian J. Poult. Sci., 44 (2): 195-198
Basak B, Pramanik MAH, Rahman MS, Tarafdar SU, Roy BC, 2002. Azolla (Azollapinnata) as feed ingredient in broiler ration. Int. J. Poult. Sci.:1(1):29-34.
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Collinson, M.E., Barke, J., van der Burgh, J., van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, J.H., Heilmann-Clausen, C., Howard, L.E. and Brinkhuis, H., 2010. Did a single species of Eocene Azolla spread from the Arctic Basin to the southern North Sea?.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 159(3-4), pp.152-165.
Dev R. Paudel1, PramilaDhakal, Kailash P. Timsina and AnantaDahall. (2015) Azolla as an Economic Substitute to Soybean Based Feed for Poultry. International Journal of applied science and biotechnology, Vol 3(4): 619-625 DOI: 10.3126/ijasbt.v3i4.13636
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Gangadhar, N.Sridhar, S. Saurabh, C.H. Raghavendra, K.P. Hemaprasanth, M.R. Raghunath and P. Jayasankar, 2015. Effect of Azolla-incorporated diets on the growth and survival of Labeofimbriatus during fry-to-fingerling rearing.Cogent Food & Agriculture 1:pp1055539.
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Hunton, P. 1995. Poultry production, World Animal Science, No. 9. Amsterdam, Elsevier.Hunton P. Understanding the architecture of the egg shell. World's Poultry Science Journal, 1995; 51:141-148
Khatun, M.A, M.A.S. Mondol and YeasminKhatun., 2008. Effect of Azolla(AzollaPinnata)Based Diet on The Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens. International journal of sustainable agricultural technology 4(2): 06-12, Issn-1815-1272
Knott, A.M., 2003. Persistent heterogeneity and sustainable innovation. Strategic Management Journal, 24(8), pp.687-705.
Melesse A, Getye Y, Berihun K, Banerjee S. Effect of feeding graded levels of Moringastenopetala leaf meal on growth performance, carcass traits and some serum biochemical parameters of Koekoek chickens. LivestSci 2013;157:498-505.
NRC (National Research Council), 1994 Nutrient requirements of poultry.8 th edition. National Academy Press Washington D C.
Odunsi, AA. Assessment of Lablab (Lablab Purpureus) leaf meal as a feed ingredient and yolk colouring agent in the diet of layers.Int J PoultSci 2003;2:71-4.
Pillai, P.K., Premalatha, S. and Rajamony, S., 2002. Azolla-A sustainable feed substitute for livestock.Leisa India, 4(1):pp.15-17.
Sakaida and Takashi ,2003. Effect of administration of spirulina on egg quality and egg components.animal husbandry .57;{1):191-195.
Sanginga, N. & Van Hove, C. Plant Soil (1989) 117: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02220720
SAS (Statistical Analysis System) Institute Inc. SAS/STAT User’s Guide version. 9.3. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc., 2010.
Selim, S, E. Hussein and R. Abou-Elkhair, 2018. Effect of Spirulina platensis as a feed additive on laying performance, egg quality and hepato protective activity of laying hens Europ.Poult.Sci., 82. 2018, ISSN 1612-9199, © VerlagEugen Ulmer, Stuttgart. DOI: 10.1399/eps.2018.227
Seyoum Bediye, GemechuNemi and HarinderMakkar. 2018. Ethiopian feed industry: current status, challenges and opportunities. Feedipedia #50 :www.Feedipedia.org
Sushree Sangita, BoitaiLakshman ,Kumar BabuArun& Kumar Panda LalmohanMohapatraBiswanathSahoo, 2017. Effect of Dietary Incorporation of Azolla Meal on Production Performance and Egg Quality of Vanaraja Laying Hens Vol 8(5), 264-270
Wiseman J. Feeding of non-ruminant livestock. London, UK: Butterworth and Co. Ltd.; 1987.
Alalade, O.A., Iyayi, E.A. and Alalade, T.O., 2007. The nutritive value of Azolla (Azollapinnata) meal in diets for growing pullets and subsequent effect on laying performance, Journal of Poultry Science, 44(3), pp.273-277.
Anderson K E, Tharrington J B, Curtis P A and Jones F T 2004. Shell characteristics of eggs from historic strains of single comb white leghorn chickens and the relationship of egg shape to shell strength. International Journal of Poultry Science 3, 17-19.
AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) International.Official Method of Analysis.16th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA: AOAC International, 1995.
Atawodi, SE, Mari D, Atawodi JC and Yahaya Y, 2008. Assessment of Leucaenaleucocephala leaves as feed supplement in laying hens. African Journal of Biotechnology.7:p317-321.
Balaji, K. ; Jalaludeen, A. ; Churchil, R. R. ; Peethambaran, P. A. ; Senthilkumar, S., 2009. Effect of dietary inclusion of Azolla (Azollapinnata) on production performance of broiler chicken.Indian J. Poult. Sci., 44 (2): 195-198
Basak B, Pramanik MAH, Rahman MS, Tarafdar SU, Roy BC, 2002. Azolla (Azollapinnata) as feed ingredient in broiler ration. Int. J. Poult. Sci.:1(1):29-34.
BPEDORS (Bureau of planning and economic development of Oromia regional state, physical planning development), 2000. Physical and socioeconomic profile of 180 districts of Oromia Region, Ethiopia.p248-251.
Collinson, M.E., Barke, J., van der Burgh, J., van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, J.H., Heilmann-Clausen, C., Howard, L.E. and Brinkhuis, H., 2010. Did a single species of Eocene Azolla spread from the Arctic Basin to the southern North Sea?.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 159(3-4), pp.152-165.
Dev R. Paudel1, PramilaDhakal, Kailash P. Timsina and AnantaDahall. (2015) Azolla as an Economic Substitute to Soybean Based Feed for Poultry. International Journal of applied science and biotechnology, Vol 3(4): 619-625 DOI: 10.3126/ijasbt.v3i4.13636
Doyon G M Bernier-Cardou R M G Hamilton F Castalgne and Randall C J 1986 Egg quality 2.Albumen quality of eggs from five commercial strains of white leghorn hens during one year of lay. Poultry Science, 65: 63-66.
Ensminger ME, Oldfield JE, Heinemann WW. 1990. Feeds and nutrition. p. 593–596. The Ensminger Publishing Company; USA:
Fagbenro, O.A., Akande, T.T., Fapohunda, O.O. and Akegbejo-Samsons, Y., 2004, September. Comparative assessment of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa) seed meal and kenaf (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. altissima) seed meal as replacement for soybean meal in practical diets for fingerlings of Nile tilapia, Oreochromisniloticus, In Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture (ISTA 6) (pp. 277-288).
Gangadhar, N.Sridhar, S. Saurabh, C.H. Raghavendra, K.P. Hemaprasanth, M.R. Raghunath and P. Jayasankar, 2015. Effect of Azolla-incorporated diets on the growth and survival of Labeofimbriatus during fry-to-fingerling rearing.Cogent Food & Agriculture 1:pp1055539.
Hasan, M.R. and Rina, C., 2009. Use of algae and aquatic macrophytes as feed in small-scale aquaculture: a review (No. 531). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
Haugh R.R. (1937): The Haugh unit for measuring egg quality. U.S. Egg Poultry Magazine, 43:pp552–555.
Hossiny, H., Setoudeh, M., Rokni, H., Dehghanzadeh, H. and Cheraghcheshm, M., 2008. Using of silage Azolla in Guilan male calves nutrition. In Proceedings of Third National Congress of Recycling and Reuse of Renewable Organic Resources in Agriculture Islamic Azad University.
Hunton, P. 1995. Poultry production, World Animal Science, No. 9. Amsterdam, Elsevier.Hunton P. Understanding the architecture of the egg shell. World's Poultry Science Journal, 1995; 51:141-148
Khatun, M.A, M.A.S. Mondol and YeasminKhatun., 2008. Effect of Azolla(AzollaPinnata)Based Diet on The Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens. International journal of sustainable agricultural technology 4(2): 06-12, Issn-1815-1272
Knott, A.M., 2003. Persistent heterogeneity and sustainable innovation. Strategic Management Journal, 24(8), pp.687-705.
Melesse A, Getye Y, Berihun K, Banerjee S. Effect of feeding graded levels of Moringastenopetala leaf meal on growth performance, carcass traits and some serum biochemical parameters of Koekoek chickens. LivestSci 2013;157:498-505.
NRC (National Research Council), 1994 Nutrient requirements of poultry.8 th edition. National Academy Press Washington D C.
Odunsi, AA. Assessment of Lablab (Lablab Purpureus) leaf meal as a feed ingredient and yolk colouring agent in the diet of layers.Int J PoultSci 2003;2:71-4.
Pillai, P.K., Premalatha, S. and Rajamony, S., 2002. Azolla-A sustainable feed substitute for livestock.Leisa India, 4(1):pp.15-17.
Sakaida and Takashi ,2003. Effect of administration of spirulina on egg quality and egg components.animal husbandry .57;{1):191-195.
Sanginga, N. & Van Hove, C. Plant Soil (1989) 117: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02220720
SAS (Statistical Analysis System) Institute Inc. SAS/STAT User’s Guide version. 9.3. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc., 2010.
Selim, S, E. Hussein and R. Abou-Elkhair, 2018. Effect of Spirulina platensis as a feed additive on laying performance, egg quality and hepato protective activity of laying hens Europ.Poult.Sci., 82. 2018, ISSN 1612-9199, © VerlagEugen Ulmer, Stuttgart. DOI: 10.1399/eps.2018.227
Seyoum Bediye, GemechuNemi and HarinderMakkar. 2018. Ethiopian feed industry: current status, challenges and opportunities. Feedipedia #50 :www.Feedipedia.org
Sushree Sangita, BoitaiLakshman ,Kumar BabuArun& Kumar Panda LalmohanMohapatraBiswanathSahoo, 2017. Effect of Dietary Incorporation of Azolla Meal on Production Performance and Egg Quality of Vanaraja Laying Hens Vol 8(5), 264-270
Wiseman J. Feeding of non-ruminant livestock. London, UK: Butterworth and Co. Ltd.; 1987.
Published
2020-07-01
How to Cite
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Hassen Abate W, Amza N, Gudeta S, Beyene A. Substitution effect of Soybean Meal (glycine max) with different level of Dried Water Velvet (Azolla Pinnata) Meal on Egg production and Egg Quality parameter of Potchefstroom Koekoek layer. Glob. J. Anim. Sci. Res. [Internet]. 2020Jul.1 [cited 2024May9];8(1):104-1. Available from: http://www.gjasr.com/index.php/GJASR/article/view/35
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